{"id":2048,"date":"2026-01-01T11:08:50","date_gmt":"2026-01-01T11:08:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aijaps.us\/?p=2048"},"modified":"2026-01-01T11:08:50","modified_gmt":"2026-01-01T11:08:50","slug":"%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d8%ba%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%83%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aijaps.us\/?p=2048","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0639\u0644<\/strong><\/h3>\n

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azhaaarkadhum83@mohesr.edu.iq<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n

009647763648505<\/strong><\/h3>\n

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\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Studying the effect of changing air density on wind energy production in Karbala city<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Azhaar K. Mishaal <\/strong><\/h3>\n

*<\/sup><\/strong> Ministry Higher Education & Scientific Research \/ Scientific Research Commission, Baghdad , Iraq.<\/strong><\/h3>\n

E-mail: : <\/strong>azhaaarkadhum83@mohesr.edu.iq<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n

<\/h3>\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n

In this search, the air density factor is studied because it is considered one of the main variables in calculating the energy produced from wind , The factors that affect the density were studied, which included (temperature and altitude) for the city of Karbala, which is located in central Iraq , The data was collected over specific time periods, including different seasons, in order to determine the rate of change in air density, which consequently affects the electrical energy produced from wind energy. This was done by relying on analyzing the anaerobic data and calculating the extent of its impact on the density factor using the Wasp program, which is one of the important programs in the field of wind energy, This study found that temperature and altitude are the most influential factors on density values, and the relationship is described as an inverse relationship .<\/p>\n

Key<\/strong> Words<\/strong>: air density , Data , Climate ,\u00a0 wind energy , Wasp program<\/p>\n

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\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a (Atmosphere) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u00a0\u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u00a0\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u00a0\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u00a0\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u00a0\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u00a0\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a ( \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 ) \u00a0(\u00a0 Vertical) \u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a \u00a0( Horizontal) \u00a0\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626 \u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u00a0\u0641\u064a \u00a0\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a ( \u0647\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u060c 2006 ) . \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d Wind Power \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621, \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629, \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u00a0( \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u060c 2007 ) \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

2<\/strong>–<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 <\/strong>Literature Review <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1945 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633(Thomas)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ( Thoms , 1945 \u00a0) \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0631\u064a\u062f (Reed,1974) ( Reed , 1974 ) \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1978\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0633\u064a (Peterson &Hennessey) \u00a0) \u00a0\u00a0( Peterson & Hennessey , 1987\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1986<\/strong> \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0643\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 ( Al-Azzawi & Zeki , 1986 ). \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u00a0) \u00a0(Dunder & Inam , 1996 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639\u00a0 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0644 \u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0631 (Rosas,2003) \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2006 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0637 , 2006 ) \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u00a0 ( \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a ) \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642( \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a , 2007 ) .<\/p>\n

3<\/strong>– \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 ( \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 ) \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a (Turbines ) \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u00a0 ( \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645 , 2001 ) .<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e ( \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u060c 2014 )<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a ) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641 ( \u0634\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0644 , 2021 ) \u00a0\u00a0, \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 ( \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u060c 2020 ) .<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 ( Kinetic Energy K.E ) \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 ( \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u060c 2014) :<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>K.E=\u00a0 <\/strong> \u00a0m . v2<\/sup><\/strong>( 1) \u00a0…………..\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0630\u00a0 \u0627\u0646 : <\/strong><\/p>\n

m : \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 (\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 )<\/p>\n

V : \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d ( \u0645\u062a\u0631 \/ \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 )<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :<\/p>\n

\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..(2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646 :<\/p>\n

\u03c1 : \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 ( \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \/ \u0645\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628 )<\/p>\n

V : \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 ( \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628 )<\/p>\n

A : \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 ( \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 )<\/p>\n

X: \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 ( \u0645\u062a\u0631 )<\/p>\n

t : \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 ( \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 )<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 (2) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 (1) \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 :<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>K.E=\u00a0 <\/strong> \u00a0<\/strong>\u03c1<\/strong> . v3<\/sup>\u2026\u2026\u2026.(3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0( \u0648\u0627\u0637 \/ \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 ) \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 [2014] \u00a0:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (4)…………..<\/strong>P =\u00a0 <\/strong> \u00a0<\/strong>\u03c1<\/strong> . v3<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646 :<\/p>\n

P : \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d ( \u0648\u0627\u0637 \/ \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 )<\/p>\n

\u03c1 : \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 ( \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \/ \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 )<\/p>\n

V : \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d ( \u0645\u062a\u0631\/ \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 )<\/p>\n

4<\/strong>– \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d <\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/strong>– \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d ( \u062f\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0643 , 2022 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062f\u064a , 2022 )<\/p>\n

2<\/strong>– \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 .\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 . \u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a ( \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 , 2020 )<\/p>\n

3<\/strong>– \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 ( \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 )<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 ( \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 , 2020 )<\/p>\n

4<\/strong>– \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 ( \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 , 2020 )<\/p>\n

5<\/strong>– \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 ( \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 ( \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 , 2020 )<\/p>\n

\u00a05<\/strong>– <\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong> \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a01-5 <\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637 \u0637\u0648\u0644 44 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637 \u0639\u0631\u0636 36 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0647\u0648 22 \u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 ( 1 ) \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a ( Terra \u00a0) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0630\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0633 (MODIS ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a ( 1 ) \u0643\u0645 “MODIS web side\u00a0 ”<\/p>\n

(http:\/\/modis.atmos.gcfc.nasa.gov.\/IMAGES\/MOD02\/GRAUIE<\/a> )<\/u><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0643\u0644 ( <\/strong>1<\/strong> ) \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a ( <\/strong>Terra-MODIS<\/strong> ) <\/strong>[18] .<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a05<\/strong>–<\/strong>2<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 ( 2012 \u00a0) \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u064a ( \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u2013 \u0627\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u2013 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u2013 \u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 ) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 ( \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 ( <\/strong>(Co<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 ( <\/strong>V<\/strong> ) <\/strong>m\/sec<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Jan<\/strong><\/td>\n9.039<\/strong><\/td>\n2.922<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
March<\/strong><\/td>\n15.580<\/strong><\/td>\n3.477<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
July<\/strong><\/td>\n38.405<\/strong><\/td>\n3.926<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sept<\/strong><\/td>\n32.618<\/strong><\/td>\n3.130<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 ( <\/strong>1<\/strong> ) \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

6<\/strong> –<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d ( \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0646 ) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 ( \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d ( P )) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0647\u064a ( 1 \u060c 3 \u060c 7 \u060c 9 ) \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 ( 2 )<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d<\/strong> W\/m\u00b2<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 ( <\/strong>\u03c1<\/strong> )<\/strong> kg\/m3<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
176.466<\/strong><\/td>\n1.248<\/strong><\/td>\nJan<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

211.857<\/strong><\/td>\n

1.219<\/strong><\/td>\nMarch<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

387.557<\/strong><\/td>\n

1.130<\/strong><\/td>\nJuly<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

200.213<\/strong><\/td>\n

1.152<\/strong><\/td>\nSept<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 ( <\/strong>\u00a02<\/strong>) \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u00a0 ( \u00a0WAsP ) \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u00a0 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u060c \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 , \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u060c \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d .\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 ( 2 ) .<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 ( 2 \u00a0) \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 .\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 .<\/p>\n

7<\/strong>– \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a <\/strong>\u0648<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/strong>–<\/strong> \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631<\/p>\n

2<\/strong> \u2013<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d<\/p>\n

3<\/strong> \u2013<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d .<\/p>\n

4<\/strong> –<\/strong> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u00a0 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

8<\/strong> \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0637 . \u0627. \u0639 . ( 2006 ) . \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 <\/em>. \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00a0 .<\/li>\n
  2. \u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 . \u062d . \u0633 . ( 1996 ) \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 . \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 : \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/li>\n
  3. \u0647\u0631\u0627\u0637 . \u0627 . \u0639 . (2006 ) . \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/em> . \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u00a0 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
  4. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a .\u0623 . \u0627 . (2007 ) . \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/em> \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/em> . \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n