{"id":1949,"date":"2025-05-21T18:11:29","date_gmt":"2025-05-21T18:11:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aijaps.us\/?p=1949"},"modified":"2025-05-21T18:11:29","modified_gmt":"2025-05-21T18:11:29","slug":"effect-of-tannins-from-leaves-of-cupressus-sempervirens-plant-against-bacteria-causing-wounds-and-burns-inflammations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aijaps.us\/?p=1949","title":{"rendered":"Effect of Tannins From Leaves of Cupressus Sempervirens Plant against Bacteria Causing Wounds and Burns Inflammations"},"content":{"rendered":"

Suadad Abdul-Elah Mohammad * 1,<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00a0Inaam Noori Ali 2,<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00a0Eman Mohammad Kadhim1, Intsar Kareem Kadhim 3<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1- Industrial Applications and Materials Technology Research Centre – Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research and Technology – Scientific Research Authority – Ministry of Higher Education<\/h3>\n

2- Environmental, Water and Renewable Energy Research and Technology Centre – Department of Environmental Research and Treatments – Scientific Research Authority – Ministry of Higher Education<\/h3>\n

3- Planning and Follow-up Department<\/h3>\n

Email: Swddalbasy@gmail.com<\/a><\/h3>\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cypress is a genus of the Cupressaceae family, and its scientific name is Cupressus. The most important species is the Mediterranean cypress. This plant contains volatile oils such as pinene, cedrol, and camphor, as well as the active ingredient tannins and alkaloids. It has fifteen species, and modern medicine has found that cypress is used as an ointment, and when taken internally, it is used to treat coughs, colds, sore throats, and as an antispasmodic. It has been used since ancient times to treat dysentery and heal wounds. The most important species are: Cupressus bakeri, Cupressus arizonica, and Cupressus sempervirens.<\/p>\n

\u00a0The active substance (tannins) was detected in the leaves of the cypress plant using a 1% ferric chloride detector, which gave a dark green colour as evidence of positive detection. The extraction was carried out using polar solvents such as ether and ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 95%, and then the extract (tannins) was dried at a temperature of 40\u00b0C. Different concentrations were prepared to study the biological effectiveness against bacterial isolates, which are represented by Staphylococcus aureus<\/em> and Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/em> bacteria, which cause wound and burn infections.<\/p>\n

The Wells method was used to conduct a sensitivity test for the tannin extract, and the diameter of the inhibition zone was measured in millimetres for each isolate, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was determined in milligrams\/ml. The highest inhibition zone was 22 millimeters at a concentration of 300 mg\/ml, and the MIC value was 150 milligrams\/ml for Staphylococcus bacteria, and the highest inhibition zone for P. aeruginosa bacteria was 11 millimeters at a concentration of 300 mg\/ml, and the MIC value was 150 mg\/ml.<\/p>\n

Keywords: <\/strong>Cypress plant, Tannin extraction, Bacteria.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Swddalbasy@gmail.com<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

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\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645<\/strong><\/h3>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

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. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 1% \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0642 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 95% \u060c \u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a) \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 40 \u0645\u00b0 . \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 Staphylococcus aureus<\/em> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 Pseudomonos aeruginosa<\/em>\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n

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Introduction <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 Cypress scientific name Cupressus Sempervibens L. belongs to the cypress family Cuphessaceae and English name Eng. Cypress is an evergreen tree, 10-30 meters tall, very dense branches, scaly leaves, crossed and overlapping triangular shape, unisexual flowers, monoecious, cypress is spread in the regions of the Eastern Mediterranean and southwest Asia and is naturally spread in Iran, Turkey, the Mediterranean region and Morocco. The ancient Greeks used it to treat some diseases such as azithromycin, asthma and cough. The part used is the female cones and young leafy branches (Aziz et al,2023)<\/p>\n

The fruits are known as Gla bulus and are collected for medical use when they are green and are used as a vasoconstrictor and to stop bleeding.<\/p>\n

It contains a volatile oil that contains terpenes and their derivatives, and catechol tannin. The young branches of the cypress contain a volatile oil obtained by distillation and used in the treatment of whooping cough (Hamza,2022). The plant contains many medically important chemical components such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, volatile oils and tannins (Azzaz et al,2019) and plays an important role as an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory. The plant is considered antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, anti-insect, anti-cancer and wound-healing (Harfouch et al,2022; Koriem,2009)<\/p>\n

Importance of the research<\/strong>: Finding a plant drug from the cypress plant (leaves) to treat skin inflammation caused by bacteria that cause wound and burn infections.<\/p>\n

Research problem<\/strong>: Trying to find the inhibitory activity of the tannin extract of cypress leaves against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa that cause wound and burn infections.<\/p>\n

Research methodology<\/strong>: Detection of the active substance tannins by extracting and diagnosing them using HPLC. Especially the compound (Jannic acid), then different concentrations of this extract were made to study its effect against staphylococcus and aeruginosa bacteria using the Wells drilling method and comparing the two isolates in terms of resistance and sensitivity to the extract. By measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone and determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), then analysing the data and finding significant differences using the statistical analysis method. (ANOVA)<\/p>\n

Research limits<\/strong>: Then the research was conducted in the laboratories of the Department of Research and Technology of Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry – Scientific Research Authority – Ministry of Higher Education. Date of work: January 2021 – October 2021.<\/p>\n

Research hypotheses<\/strong>: We assume that the active ingredients in the cypress plant have inhibitory activity against bacteria, so the focus is on the substance (tannins) because they are astringent and at the same time antibacterial.<\/p>\n

Previous studies:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Recent studies indicate that cypress plants are effective against bacteria, viruses, parasites, insects, anticancer and wound treatment (Al-Shafi et al,2016)<\/p>\n

Objective of the research:<\/strong> The research aims to extract the active substance (tannins) from the leaves of cypress trees and identify Tannic acid. And study the effect of the plant extract at different concentrations against the bacteria pseudomonas, Staphylococcus aureus, that cause wound and burn infections. And determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for each bacterial isolate and determine the resistance and sensitivity of each isolate to this extract.<\/p>\n

Materials and methods <\/strong><\/p>\n

1 – plant:<\/p>\n

We got the plant (Cupressus) from the garden of the Ministry of Science. And diagnosed depending on (Encyclopedia of Life, 2013).<\/p>\n

Leaves were washed and dried at (35\u00b12) \u2103, and saved in plastic sacs.<\/p>\n

2- Chemical materials:<\/p>\n

\u00a0Chemical materials as Ferric chloride, Ethanol 99%, and Ether from the laboratories of the department.<\/p>\n

3- Laboratory equipment:<\/p>\n

Equipment used, such as Rotary evaporation and oven (40\u2103). To get rid of liquids and humidity while (HPLC to diagnose taninic acid.<\/p>\n

4-cultures :<\/p>\n

It was used for nutrient agar, nutrient broth. (LAB) . To grow and save bacterial isolates and perform sensitivity tests.<\/p>\n

5-Bacterial isolates;<\/p>\n

\u00a0The isolates of bacteria were taken from inflammation of wounds and burns, and it was diagnosed in the laboratory of the medical centre.<\/p>\n